diff --git a/app/models/location.rb b/app/models/location.rb
index 2a1dd5c7f..a4ad10801 100644
--- a/app/models/location.rb
+++ b/app/models/location.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 class Location < ApplicationRecord
   validates :postcode, on: :postcode, presence: { message: I18n.t("validations.location.postcode_blank") }
-  validate :validate_postcode, on: :postcode
+  validate :validate_postcode, on: :postcode, if: Proc.new { |model| model.postcode.presence }
   validates :location_admin_district, on: :location_admin_district, presence: { message: I18n.t("validations.location_admin_district") }
   validates :name, on: :name, presence: { message: I18n.t("validations.location.name") }
   validates :units, on: :units, presence: { message: I18n.t("validations.location.units") }
diff --git a/spec/factories/location.rb b/spec/factories/location.rb
index 870140cd5..75b4380f5 100644
--- a/spec/factories/location.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/location.rb
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
     mobility_type { %w[A M N W X].sample }
     location_code { "E09000033" }
     location_admin_district { "Westminster" }
-    startdate { nil }
+    startdate { Time.zone.local(2022, 4, 1) }
     confirmed { true }
     scheme
     trait :export do
diff --git a/spec/models/location_spec.rb b/spec/models/location_spec.rb
index 1e1756a21..c6167e612 100644
--- a/spec/models/location_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/location_spec.rb
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ RSpec.describe Location, type: :model do
     let(:location) { FactoryBot.build(:location) }
 
     it "does add an error when the local authority is invalid" do
-      location.location_admin_district = "Select an option"
+      location.location_admin_district = nil
       location.valid?(:location_admin_district)
       expect(location.errors.count).to eq(1)
     end
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ RSpec.describe Location, type: :model do
 
     context "when filtering by active locations" do
       it "returns only locations that started today or earlier and have been confirmed" do
-        expect(described_class.active.count).to eq(2)
+        expect(described_class.active.count).to eq(1)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/models/validations/date_validations_spec.rb b/spec/models/validations/date_validations_spec.rb
index 87351b9dd..12a90f639 100644
--- a/spec/models/validations/date_validations_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/validations/date_validations_spec.rb
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ RSpec.describe Validations::DateValidations do
 
     context "with a deactivated location" do
       let(:scheme) { create(:scheme) }
-      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:, startdate: nil) }
+      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:) }
 
       before do
         create(:location_deactivation_period, deactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 6, 4), location:)
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ RSpec.describe Validations::DateValidations do
 
     context "with a location that is reactivating soon" do
       let(:scheme) { create(:scheme) }
-      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:, startdate: nil) }
+      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:) }
 
       before do
         create(:location_deactivation_period, deactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 6, 4), reactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 8, 4), location:)
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ RSpec.describe Validations::DateValidations do
 
     context "with a location that has many reactivations soon" do
       let(:scheme) { create(:scheme) }
-      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:, startdate: nil) }
+      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:) }
 
       before do
         create(:location_deactivation_period, deactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 6, 4), reactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 8, 4), location:)
diff --git a/spec/models/validations/setup_validations_spec.rb b/spec/models/validations/setup_validations_spec.rb
index fa95757c4..ebc71d48b 100644
--- a/spec/models/validations/setup_validations_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/validations/setup_validations_spec.rb
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ RSpec.describe Validations::SetupValidations do
   describe "#validate_scheme" do
     context "with a deactivated location" do
       let(:scheme) { create(:scheme) }
-      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:, startdate: nil) }
+      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:) }
 
       before do
         create(:location_deactivation_period, deactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 6, 4), location:)
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ RSpec.describe Validations::SetupValidations do
 
     context "with a location that is reactivating soon" do
       let(:scheme) { create(:scheme) }
-      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:, startdate: nil) }
+      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:) }
 
       before do
         create(:location_deactivation_period, deactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 6, 4), reactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 8, 4), location:)
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ RSpec.describe Validations::SetupValidations do
   describe "#validate_location" do
     context "with a deactivated location" do
       let(:scheme) { create(:scheme) }
-      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:, startdate: nil) }
+      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:) }
 
       before do
         create(:location_deactivation_period, deactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 6, 4), location:)
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ RSpec.describe Validations::SetupValidations do
 
     context "with a location that is reactivating soon" do
       let(:scheme) { create(:scheme) }
-      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:, startdate: nil) }
+      let(:location) { create(:location, scheme:) }
 
       before do
         create(:location_deactivation_period, deactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 6, 4), reactivation_date: Time.zone.local(2022, 8, 4), location:)
diff --git a/spec/requests/locations_controller_spec.rb b/spec/requests/locations_controller_spec.rb
index fef738427..3996e8f41 100644
--- a/spec/requests/locations_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/requests/locations_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1354,7 +1354,7 @@ RSpec.describe LocationsController, type: :request do
     context "when signed in as a data coordinator" do
       let(:user) { FactoryBot.create(:user, :data_coordinator) }
       let!(:scheme) { FactoryBot.create(:scheme, owning_organisation: user.organisation) }
-      let!(:location) { FactoryBot.create(:location, scheme:, startdate: nil, created_at: Time.zone.local(2022, 4, 1)) }
+      let!(:location) { FactoryBot.create(:location, scheme:, created_at: Time.zone.local(2022, 4, 1)) }
       let(:deactivation_date) { Time.utc(2022, 10, 10) }
       let!(:lettings_log) { FactoryBot.create(:lettings_log, :sh, location:, scheme:, startdate:, owning_organisation: user.organisation) }
       let(:startdate) { Time.utc(2022, 10, 11) }
@@ -1563,7 +1563,7 @@ RSpec.describe LocationsController, type: :request do
     context "when signed in as a data coordinator" do
       let(:user) { FactoryBot.create(:user, :data_coordinator) }
       let!(:scheme) { FactoryBot.create(:scheme, owning_organisation: user.organisation) }
-      let!(:location) { FactoryBot.create(:location, scheme:, startdate: nil) }
+      let!(:location) { FactoryBot.create(:location, scheme:) }
       let(:add_deactivations) { location.location_deactivation_periods << location_deactivation_period }
 
       before do
@@ -1641,7 +1641,7 @@ RSpec.describe LocationsController, type: :request do
     context "when signed in as a data coordinator" do
       let(:user) { FactoryBot.create(:user, :data_coordinator) }
       let!(:scheme) { FactoryBot.create(:scheme, owning_organisation: user.organisation) }
-      let!(:location) { FactoryBot.create(:location, scheme:, startdate: nil) }
+      let!(:location) { FactoryBot.create(:location, scheme:) }
       let(:deactivation_date) { Time.zone.local(2022, 4, 1) }
       let(:startdate) { Time.utc(2022, 10, 11) }
 
diff --git a/spec/requests/schemes_controller_spec.rb b/spec/requests/schemes_controller_spec.rb
index c605d584f..da7b3e517 100644
--- a/spec/requests/schemes_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/requests/schemes_controller_spec.rb
@@ -978,7 +978,7 @@ RSpec.describe SchemesController, type: :request do
             expect(scheme_to_update.reload.confirmed?).to eq(true)
           end
 
-          it "marks all the scheme locations as confirmed" do
+          it "marks all the scheme locations as confirmed given they are complete" do
             expect(scheme_to_update.locations.count > 0).to eq(true)
             scheme_to_update.locations.each do |location|
               expect(location.confirmed?).to eq(true)